This Directive is aimed at eliminating uncertainty and differences in national legislation governing when the act of communication of the programme takes place. It avoids the cumulative application of several national laws to one single act of broadcasting. The Directive provides that communication by satellite occurs in the member state where the programming signals are introduced and the control of the broadcaster into an uninterrupted chain of communication, leading to the satellite and down towards earth. The Directive also examines protection for authors, performers and producers of Phonogram is in broadcasting organisations, and requires that copyright owners may grant or refuse authorisation for cable retransmissions of a broadcast only through a collecting society. The full text is available on the European Union's EUROPA portal website.
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